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Thirkell began writing early in her life in Australia, chiefly through the need for money. She published an article in theCornhill Magazinein 1921, the first of many articles and short stories, including work for Australian radio.[19]On her return to England in 1929, this career continued with journalism, stories for children, and then novels.[20]Her success as a novelist began with her second novel,High Rising(1933).[21]She set most of her novels inAnthony Trollope\'sBarsetshire, his fictional English county developed in the six novels known as theChronicles of Barsetshire. An alert reader of contemporary fiction, Thirkell also borrowed freely from little known titles likeJohn Galsworthy\'sThe Country House, from which, for example, she lifted the name \'Worsted\' which she used for the village setting of her novelAugust Folly(1936). She also quoted frequently, without attribution, from novels byCharles Dickens,William ThackerayandElizabeth Gaskell.[citation needed]Thirkell published a new novel every year, which she referred to in correspondence with her editor, Jamie Hamilton ofHamish Hamilton, asnew wine in an old bottle. She was upset that her circle of well educated and upper-middle-class friends thought her novels \"too popular\"[22]knowing they preferred, as she did, such writers asGibbon,Austen,DickensandProust. She drew the epigraph toT 1951from Proust:\"Les gens du monde se représentent volontiers les livres comme une espèce de cube dont une face est enlevée, si bien que l\'auteur se dépêche de \'faire entrer\' dedans les personnes qu\'il rencontre\"(\"Society people think that books are a sort of cube, one side of which the author opens the better to insert into it the people he meets.\")
Her books of the 1930s in particular had a satiric exuberance, as inPomfret Towers, which sends up village ways, aristocratic folly and middle-class aspirations.Three Houses(1931, Oxford University Press; repeatedly reprinted) is a short childhood memoir which simultaneously displays Thirkell\'s precociously finished style, her lifelong melancholy, and her idolisation of her grandfather, Edward Burne-Jones.Trooper to the Southern Cross(1934; republished in 1939 asWhat Happened on the Boat) \"is concerned with the experiences of a number of English and Australian passengers aboard a troop-ship, theRudolstadt, on their way back to Australia immediately after World War I. It is particularly interesting for its depiction of the Australian \'digger\'; his anti-authoritarianism,larrikinism, and, at the same time, his loyalty to those whom he respects\".[23]Thirkell\'s 1936 publicationAugust Follywas chosen the Book Society\'s Book of the month. This embarrassed her as it seemed to define the book as insufficiently artistic, leading her to write to her publisher that \"I can only hope that the financial gain involved will counterbalance the moral degradation.\"[24]
In the 1940s, her work was coloured by the war. Thehome frontfigured particularly inCheerfulness Breaks In(1940), showing how women saw their loved ones off to the front andNorthbridge Rectory, which showed how housewives coped with the annoyances of wartime life. These books includeMarling Hall,Growing UpandThe Headmistressand provide a vibrant picture of the attitude, struggle and resigned good cheer, of British women during the war. Even a book which did not deal exclusively with the war effort,Miss Bunting, addressed changes in society the war had wrought, as the title character, a governess, grows to middle age and wonders how to live out her life and where her ambitions might take her as the world turns upside down. These books provide a time capsule of the age, which, unfortunately, includes charges of anti-semitism. The Warburg family inCheerfulness Breaks Inhas been seen by many as a traditional caricature of Jews.[25]Thirkell grew increasingly conservative with the changes wrought by the war. A review ofPrivate Enterprise(1947) wrote: \"In Barchester all is not well/The County People pine and sigh/They wish the government in Hell/And long for happier days gone by/When gloom did not obscure the sky.\"[26]
Later books in the 1950s became more romantic and less contemporary.[citation needed]Among these,The Old Bank Housein particular shows Thirkell concerned with the rise of the merchant class, her prejudices evident but giving way to grudging respect for industriousness and goodhearted generosity. Later books are simpler romances. The romanceThe Duke\'s Daughterdeals in a way more directly than some of her others with descendants of Trollope\'s Barsetshire characters. Her final book,Three Score and Ten, was left unfinished at her death but was completed later byC. A. Lejeune. Thirkell showed a keen social sense and a lively eye for the telling detail of everyday life.
Thirkell\'s works are considered as being in the comedy of manners genre, along with those of Jane Austen.[27]Rachel Mather sees Thirkell, along withE. F. BensonandE. M. Delafield, as being \"direct heirs of the Jane Austen tradition.[28]Other critics agree.[29]The comedy in Thirkell\'s work is sometimes overlooked today, though it was recognized by contemporaries. In reviewingSummer Half,the humor magazinePunchcalled her \"one of the great humorous writers of our time\"[30]and Norman Collins wrote ofWild Strawberriesthat \"A hundred one times the reader is rewarded by the radiance of that inner grin which comes from sharing some entirely malicious piece of social observation that any man, and most women, would have missed completely.[31]P.G. Wodehouse, the pre-eminent English humorist of her era, praisedWild StrawberriesandPomfret Towers.[32]